Baker&#39;s oven



J. C. EMLEY ET AL May 4 1 926.

BAKER S OVEN original Fil'ed June 7;

1922 2 sheets-sheet 1 Patented May 4, 1926. v

` Ui'rEsrr riaraiarf JOSEPH c. EMLEY, 0E PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, Aim nAviD r. CARTER, 0E Y i :NEW YORK,- iv. Y, v

BAKERS OVEN'.

Appiietion medium 7, i922, serial No. 565,513.

vand DAVID T. CARTER, citizens of the Unitedl States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, and New York, in the county of New 'York and State of New York, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bakers Ovens; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which 'it appertains'to make and lise the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to characters of reference marked thereon, which forni a part of this specicatioii.

This invention relates, generally, Vto iinprovements in ovens; and the present invention has reference, more particularly, to an improved bakers `oven in which the usual arch is provided with a novel .and simply constructed supporting means which re inforces and strengthens the arch 4of the ,baking chamber of the oven, and' prevents cracking, sagging, and other damage to the arch, as is at present the .case with bakers ovens Vas'ordinarily constructed. Y y The lpresent invention, therefore, has 'for its principal objects to provide ka bakers oven of the usual shape and construction with an i arch-re-inforcing and strengthening means forrthe purpose above stated, and ,one in which 'the possibility of. smallk particlesof the material employed'k in the arch-construction dropping down upon the floor of the baking chamberl and upon `'the loaves. of bread or cake in said chamber is entirely overcome. Y

The invention hasfor its further object tolprovide a `novel and simple constructed arch re-inforcing and supporting meansrof the general character hereinafter more fully described and for the purpose herein-above stated, which is constructed and arranged in such a manner, that expansion and contraction are fully'takenA care without vdeterioration to the arch and side-walls of the f baking chamber of the oven.

Other objects of the presentinvention notr at this time more particularly enumerated will be clearly understood from'the fpllowing. detailed description of the said. yinventioi.'

With the veriaus chiarite Renewed March 4,1926. il

invention in view, the said inventionconsists, primarily, in the novel bakers oven hereinafter more fully set forth; and, they said invention consists, furthermore,` in the general arrangements and combinations of the various devices and parts, as well as in the details of the construction of the said parts all of which will be more fully described in the following specification, and'.

then finally yembodied in the clauses yof the claims which are vappended to, and which forman essential part of the said speciiication. Y

The invention isy fully illustratedl in the accompanyingH'drawirigs',l in which Figure l is a longitudinalk vertical sectional 1 representation vof a bakers oven provided with an archsupporting and reinforcingv means made according toand V'einb'odying the principles of the present invention; and Figure isv a horizontal `sectional representation of thel oven, saidv section being taken directly beneath the arch of the bakingV chamber, said view showing more .particularly in plan, the .general arrangement of Jghe arch-supporting and reiiiforcingnfieanaV f f Figurev 3 is a'detail vertical .sectional representation, 'taken on line| 3-'-3 in said Figure 2, looking lin the directioiiof the arrow x, said view beinv made on an enlarged scale; views, 4in perspective, of different portions of the arch-supporting and A re-inforcing means, and portions of the masonry of the oven; and Figure?` is a transverse vertical sectional representaton, taken on line 7--7 v in said Figure 2. v

Figure 8 is a perspective view, showing diagrammatically, the general shape of theA baking chamber of the oven, and the arch thereof, which is tobe supported and renforce'd'in the manner vof the principles of the present invention. f Y y Similar characters of reference are employed in all' ofE the. said above described views, to indicate` correspond-ing parts.

Referring nowA to the said drawings, the ref erenceecharacter l indicates a ,bakers oven'y of any usual construction, of which 2 indicatesY the baking chamber, and Bfthc usual opening ofthe said chamber, this opening being adapted to be closedby' the asuaidccrjordoors whicirhoweyei e act shawn laire are* Figures 45% and '6 are detailY si This elamoar, as

y the rear of the oven, so that the rear portion of the baking chamber is considerably `lower than the front portion of the chamber, as

, will be readily understood from an insp'ec tion of Figures 1 and 8 of the drawings. At the rear, the said chamber 2 is provided with the usual heat-inlet or opening 5 which is in communication with the usual and wellknown heat-conveying flue or flues leading from the usual fire-chamber of the oven, as will be clearly understood.

Above this lower arch 4 of the chamber 2 is the usual hollow space 6 of the oven, said space providing the usual heat-chamber for heating the arch 4 and by radiation conveying the heat to the baking chamber 2. Above which is the usual upper arch 7, the reference-characters 8 and 9 indicating the usual end-walls, and 10 is the usual top of Vthe oven, all of said members being of the usual masonry, as brick and cement, or the like.

Now, it has been found in practice, that with the excessive heat continuouslyV conveyed to the baking chamber 2, very often its arch 4y vwill sag or crack, causing particles of the materials employed in the masonry of the arch to drop down upon the floor of the baking chamber, and also upon the bread or cake being baked in said chamber, and to avoid these objectionable conditions, we have provided the oven with an archsupporting and re-inforcing means of the general construction to be presently described, and which, we claim, overcomes the objections now existing in the general constructions of bakers ovens.

As shown, contiguous to the side-walls and the front portions of the baking chamber 2, the masonry is formed with side-ledges 11 and forwardly extending ledges 12, said ledges 12 being angular-ly disposed and terminating at or near the front opening 3 of the baking chamber, substantially as shown in Figure 2 of the drawings.V Suitably disposed upon the said ledges 11 are supporting plates 13Vof metal, and disposed upon the forwardly extending ledges 12 are other supporting plates 14. Extending laterally across the baking chamber 2 are upwardly conveXed supporting beams 15, all of said beams, except the yfirst and last end-beams 16 and 17, being formed with an upwardly extending and correspondingly convexed rib, as 18, butvthe said end-beams 16 and 17 each being' formed with a pair ofupwardly extending and correspondingly conveXed ribs 19 andf20, respectively. As shown in said Figures 1 and 3, the beams 15 are variously curved or convened, so as to conform to the various arcs of the arch of the baking chamber, said beams 15 being also of different lengths, corresponding to the marginal configuration of the baking chamber 2, as clearly indicated in Figure 2 of the drawings.

At their opposite end-portions, the said supporting beams 15 are made with the angular-ly disposed supporting end-members 21, which are placed yin supported relation upon the respective supporting plates 13 and 14, as clearly indicated in Figures 1, 2,

3, 4 and 5 of the drawings. Contiguous to the. side-ledges 11 and the supporting plates 13 thereon, and imbedded in the masonry of the oven are suitably shaped uprights or posts, as 22, and resting upon the end-members 21 of the various supporting beams 15, placed upon said supporting plates 13, and adjacent to said uprights or posts 2&2, are rearwardly extending buck-stays or beams, as 23, which are also suitably imbedded in the masoniy of the oven.

From an inspection of Figure 1 of the drawings, it willfbe seen that the narrow supporting beams 15 are partially imbedded in the arch or crown 4 above the baking chamber 2, so that there will be no metal eX- posed at thel ripper surface of the arch or crown to the direct heat within the heatchamber 6. The purpose of this is to prevent giving to the top of the baking chamber two distinct heats, it being well understood, that the metal or steel employed will conduct its heat to the baking chamber much quicker than will the masonry of the arch or crown, the steel producing what is termed flash heat, and which, if produced, causes the top of the breadto sear and drop down into the'pan. The heat from the steelpulls the moisture out of the bread dough too quickly, and not as slowly as the heat from the brick-arch or crown. VTherefore, in order to avoid the production of too quick a heat within the baking chamber of the oven, itis verT desirable that no metal surfaces shall be exposed at the top of the arch or crown 4 to the heatY within the chamber 6, and for which reason, the supporting beams 15 and their ribs 18 are imbedded in the brick-work of the arch or crown 4 in the manner illustrated in said Figure 1 of the drawings.

At either side of the previously mentioned heat-inlet or flue, 5 see Figure 2, and suitably disposed between the lower arch 4 .and the upper arch 7 are other strengthening anchors or supporting means, substantially Las shown in Figures 6 and7 of the drawings, each means comprising a plate 24 yimbedded in themasonry between two of the said conin the masonry located between the-two arches 4 and 7, substantially as represented in said Figure 7. of the drawings.

A series 'of uprights or posts 28, contiguous to the end-beam 17 may also be placed in the masonry et the rear wall of the oven, as indicated in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings. Y

The many advantages of the present invention will be, clearly evident from the foregoing description` of the present invenf tion, and from an inspection of the several the beams and said ffigures of the drawings,

the supported relation of the end-portions'of the beams 15 uponY the plates 13 and 14 being such that the expansion and contraction of the various metal elements or members is' Vproperly taken care of, so that there will be no sagging or cracking of the masonry constituting the arch 4 of the baking chamberA 2.

We are fully aware, of course, that changes may be made in the general arrangements and combinations of the several devices and parts, as well as in the details of the construction of the several parts,with out departing Vfrom the scope of the present invention as set forth in the foregoing specification, and as defined inthe clauses claims which are appended thereto. Hence we do not limit our presentinvention `to the exact arrangements" and combinations of the several devices and parts as described in the said specification, nor do we conine ourselves to the details of the construction of the-said parts, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

7e claim 1. A bakers oven comprising va baking chamber formed with ledges and an arch of masonry, supporting plates disposed upon said ledges, combined with an arch-supporting means compiisinga series of transversen ly disposed and, arch-shaped supporting beams of metal having angulai'ly extending and flat end-members resting upon said supporting plates for yexpansion and contraction, said beams having upwardly extending arc-shaped ribs, the arc-shaped portions of ribs being imbedded iii said arch soV as to be non-exposedfrom the up er surface of the arch, andv also or'reinlercing and supporting the arch.

2. Abakers oven comprising a bakingY tion,

arc-shaped ribs, the arc-Shaped portions oi`V various archofthe" `chamber formed with `ledges and an arch of masonry, supporting plates disposed. upon said ledges, combined with an arch-supporting means comprising a sei-ies of transversely disposed and arch-shaped f supporting". beams of metal havingangularly extending and flat end-.members resting vupon said supporting plates for expansion and contracsaid beams having upwardly extending the beams and said ribs lbeing of different Vcurvature and being imbedded in said arch so as to be non-exposed 'from the upper surface of the arch, and also .for re-intorcing and supporting the arch. f

Y. 8, A bakers oven comprising a baking chamber formed Awith ledges and an arch of masonry supporting plates disposed upon said ledges, combined with an ai'cli-supporty ing means comprising a series of ltransversely disposed and arch-shaped supporting f beamsof metal having angular'ly extending and hat 'end-members resting upon said supporting plates 'lor expansion and contraction,

said beams having upwardly extendingfarc-v shapedribs, the arc-shaped por-tions 01"" the` .beams and said ribs being imbedded in said arch -so as to be non-exposed from the upper surface of the arch, and alsofor Vre-inforcing and supporting the arch, and said beams and ribs being ot different lengths.

4. A baker-s loven Vcomprising a` baking chamber formed with` ledges and an arch oit-masonry, supporting. plates disposed up on said ledges, combined with an arch-sup porting means comprising a seriesl of transversely disposedand arc-shaped supporting beams ot metal having angularly extending and flatend-members resting upon said supporting plates for expansion and contraction, said vbeams having upwardly extending arc-shapedribs, thev arc-shaped portions of the beams and said ribs'being of diHerent curvature and being imbedded in said arch so as to be non-exposed from the upper surface of the arch, and also for re-info-rcing and supporting the arch, and fsaid beams and ribs being of different lengths.

5. A bakers oven comprising a baking chamber having an arch or' masonry, and said oven beingformed with a'second arch above said irst-mentioned arch, anchoring` devices between and connected with said arches, combined with an arch-supporting means ot' metal imbedded in said iirst-inentioned arch so .as 'to-be non-exposed fromy the upper surfacerot the arch, and also for "re-inforcing and supporting the same.

6. A bakers oven comprising a bakingV chamber having` an arch of masonry,` and said oven being formed with a second arch above said first-mentioned'arch, anchorin devices between and -connected'with sai arches, combined with an arch-supporting means comprising a seriesl of transversely lll) disposed and are-shaped supporting' beams of metal imbedded in said inst-mentioned arch so as to be non-exposed from the upper surface or' the arch, and also for re-inforcing` and supporting the same.

LA bahers oven comprising a baking chamber having an arch of masonry, and said oven being formed with a second arch -above said first-mentioned arch, anchoring' devices between and connected With said arches, combined with an arch-supporting means comprising a series of transversely disposed and arc-shaped supporting, beams of metal imbedded in said hist-mentioned arch so as to be non-exposed from the upper surface of the arch, and also for re-inforcing and supporting the same, and the said beams being of different lengths.

8. A bakers oven comprising a baking chamber having an arch of masonry, and said oven being` formed with a second arch above said iirst-mentioned arch, combined With arch-supporting means comprising a series of transversely disposed Vand arc.- shaped beams imbedded in said first-mertioned arch for reinforcing and supporting` the same, and anchoring devices ybetween and connected With said arches, each anchoring device comprising a post, end-p1ates connected with the respective ends of said post, and tie-rods connected at one'end with one of said end-plates and at their other ends with the beams adjacent to the other endplate.

9. A bakers oven comprising a baking chamber having an arch of masonry, and said oven being formed with a second arch above said first-mentioned arch, combined with arch-supporting means comprising a series of transversely disposed and arcshaped beams of different curvatures, imbedded in said first-mentioned arch for reinforcing and supporting the same, and anchoring devices between and conected with said arches, veach anchoring device comprising a post, end-plates connected with the respective ends of said post, and tie-rods connected at one end With one of said endplates and at their other'ends With the beams adjacent to the other endfplate.

In testimony, that We claim theinvention set forth above Wel have hereunto set our hands.

JOSEPH C. EMLEY. DAVID T. CARTER. 

